ABSTRACT
Tocotrienols [T3] were neglected in the past; today, get attentions due to their antioxidant and none-antioxidant activity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the daily intake of 200 mg T3 added in canola oil over 8 weeks on microalbuminuria, inflammation, and nitrosative stress in type 2 diabetic patients. This study was a double-blinded, placebo-controlled, randomized trial. A total of 50 patients with T2DM and FBS >126 mg/dl treated by non-insulin hypoglycemic drugs were randomly assigned to receive either 15 ml T3-enriched canola oil [200 mg/day T3] or pure canola oil for 8 weeks. Urine microalbumin, volume and creatinine levels, serum hs-CRP, and nitric oxide [NO] levels were measured before and after intervention. From 50 patients participated in this study, 44 completed the study. There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics, dietary intake, and physical activity between groups. Urine microalbumin and serum hs-CRP were declined significantly in T3-treated group. At the end of the study, patients who treated with T3 had lower urine microalbumin [11 [9, 25] vs. 22 [15, 39.75] nmol/dl, P = 0.003] and hs CRP changes [-10.91 +/- 15.5 vs. -9.88 +/- 27.5 Pg/ml, P = 0.048] than control group. A non-significant decrease was also observed in serum NO level in T3-treated group with no changes in urine volume and creatinine levels. These findings indicate that T3 leads to ameliorate proteinuria and can protect the kidney against inflammation [hs-CRP] and nitrosative stress [NO]
ABSTRACT
N 3 Fatty acids reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. Previous studies have shown that they may reduce inflammation, oxidative stress, and fat mass in patients with type 2 diabetes, but the results are inconclusive, due, in part, to type of omega 3 fatty acids used. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of pure eicosapentaenoic [EPA] and docosahexaenoic acids [DHA], the two major omega 3 fatty acids, on inflammation, oxidative stress, and fat mass in patients with type 2 diabetes. Sixty patients with DM II were randomly allocated to receive daily either tilde1 gr EPA or tilde1 gr DHA, or a canola oil as placebo for 12 weeks in a randomized triple blind, placebo controlled trial. Serum MDA, CRP, body weight, BMI, and fat mass were measured at baseline and after intervention. Forty five patients with a mean [ +/- SD] age of 54.9 +/- 8.2 years with BMI of 27.6 +/- 4.1 kg/m[2] and fasting blood glucose 96.0 +/- 16.2 mg/dl completed the intervention. Neither EPA nor DHA had significant effects on serum FBS, C reactive protein, body weight, BMI, and fat mass after intervention [P > 0.05]. In addition, while MDA increased 18% in the placebo group [P = 0.009], it did not change in the EPA or DHA group [P > 0.05]. Twelve weeks of supplementation with 1gr/d EPA or DHA prevent increasing oxidative stress without changing marker of inflammation. This study is the first report demonstrating that neither EPA nor DHA have effects on body fat mass in type 2 diabetic patients
ABSTRACT
Type 2 diabetes is the most common metabolic disorder worldwide. Traditional herbs and spices can be used to control blood glucose concentrations. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the daily intake of three grams cinnamon over eight weeks on glycemic status, lipid profiles and body composition in type 2 diabetic patients. A double blind, randomized, placebo controlled clinical trial was conducted on 44 patients with type 2 diabetes. Participants were randomly assigned to take either a three g/day cinnamon supplement [n=22] or a placebo [n=22] for eight weeks. Weight, height, body fat mass and systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured at baseline and after intervention. The fasting blood glucose, insulin, HbA1c, total cholesterol, LDL C, HDL C, Apo lipoprotein A I and B were measured at baseline and endpoint. From 44 subjects participated in this study 37 completed the study. There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics, dietary intake and physical activity between groups. In the treatment group, the levels of fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, triglyceride, weight, BMI and body fat mass decreased significantly compared to baseline, but not in placebo group. No significant differences were observed in glycemic status indicators, lipid profile and anthropometric indicators between the groups at the end of intervention. These data suggest that cinnamon may have a moderate effect in improving glycemic status indicators
ABSTRACT
To assess the changes in quality of life [QOL] of patients after treatment of their Graves' ophthalmopathy [GO]. In this prospective, cross-sectional study, the GO-QOL questionnaire was completed by 67 subjects before and at least 6 months after steroid treatment [61 subjects, group 1] or optic neuropathy orbital decompression [6 subjects, group 2]. Visual, psychosocial, education and counseling scores [higher score = better health], GO severity and clinical activity scores and minimal clinically important difference [MCID] were recorded and analyzed for correlation and statistical significance. A P-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. The mean age of patient enrolled in the study was 38.3 years, with 43 females [64.2%]. The mean duration of thyroid dysfunction and GO were 40.1 and 26.5 months, respectively. Two treatment groups were similar for all the variables [0.06 < P < 0.9], except for higher mean age in the orbital decompression group [45.2 versus 37.7 years] [P = 0.03]. Mean severity, activity, visual function and psychosocial function scores significantly improved in group 1 [steroid group] [P < 0.05, all cases]. A significant improvement in clinical activity score and psychosocial scores occurred in group 2 [decompression group] [P < 0.05]. MCID was achieved in two-thirds of the patients, with no significant difference between groups [P > 0.05]. There was no significant effect of duration of thyroid disease and GO and severity and activity of GO on QOL scores either before or after treatment [P > 0.05, all cases]. Steroid treatment and orbital decompression significantly improve the QOL in GO. Duration, severity and activity of GO did not have a significant impact on the QOL